Contents
Why do you need an NIE?
How to get an NIE
The NIE is a foreigner identification number. It is needed when you want to do something legal, for example: open a bank account, set up a company or buy a house.
The NIE is assigned automatically after you apply for a residence permit or a type D visa.
In this article we will look at how to obtain an NIE on your own in order to start a business or invest in Spain.
Why NIE is needed
The NIE is the basic identifier for a foreigner who wishes to conduct economic activities in Spain. Here are some examples in which an NIE may be necessary:
- Setting up a company. In order to open a company in Spain, you must register it with the appropriate registry and obtain a permanent tax number. Among the documents required to open a company, there is an NIE for the entrepreneur.
- Buying real estate. An NIE is required in order to enter into a contract of sale and register the property in your name.
- Opening a bank account. To open a bank account in Spain, you need an NIE for identification and financial transactions.
- Buying shares. To be able to invest and buy shares on the Spanish stock market, you will need to submit an NIE.
How to get an NIE?
NIE can be obtained from Spain or its embassy/consulate where you reside. The application procedure is different for EU and non-EU citizens. Here is an example of how to apply if you are not an EU citizen.
If you obtain an NIE in Spain, you will need proof of arrival. If you come from another EU country or by car, your passport will not have a border stamp. In this case, fill in a Declaration of Entry (Declaración de entrada) at any Policia Nacional office. It is important to do this within 72 hours of crossing the border; the document will not be issued to you.
The algorithm for obtaining an NIE in Spain
- Fill in the application form: download the application form from the official Migration Police website and fill it in in Spanish in 2 copies.
- Pay the state fee. The form can be downloaded from the same website. The fee is EUR 9.45. Upon payment, the bank must stamp to confirm a successful transaction.
- Prepare the documents: passport + copy of passport and proof of NIE requirement – certificate from notary, bank or other authority.
- Submitting the application — filing documents with the immigration office
“It is essential that the reason for requesting an NIE is justified. For instance, if it is required for opening a bank account or purchasing real estate, a relevant certificate from a notary or a legal document outlining the transaction is necessary. The same principle applies when incorporating a company.”
— Davit Sherozia, CEO of Laduchi Consult
The NIE represents one of the primary documents for foreign entrepreneurs in Spain. It enables the conduct of economic activities, the use of financial instruments, and the launching of businesses.
Although the procedure is relatively straightforward, preparing the documentation correctly and adhering to deadlines often cause difficulties. For this reason, many individuals turn to specialists to ensure the process is carried out quickly and correctly.