{"id":4164,"date":"2026-04-26T09:01:50","date_gmt":"2026-04-26T09:01:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kishmaria.com\/ispanyada-limited-sirket-ve-anonim-sirket\/"},"modified":"2026-04-26T09:01:50","modified_gmt":"2026-04-26T09:01:50","slug":"ispanyada-limited-sirket-ve-anonim-sirket","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kishmaria.com\/tr\/ispanyada-limited-sirket-ve-anonim-sirket\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0130spanya’da Limited \u015eirket ve Anonim \u015eirket."},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u0130\u00e7indekiler<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Fark Nedir?<\/p>\n

Temel Farkl\u0131l\u0131klar<\/p>\n

<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130spanya’da i\u015f kurmak istiyorsan\u0131z, \u015firket tescilinden \u00f6nceki ana konulardan biri faaliyet formunun se\u00e7ilmesi olacakt\u0131r. \u0130spanya’da iki temel \u015firket t\u00fcr\u00fc bulunmaktad\u0131r: Sociedad Limitada (ortaklar\u0131n sorumlulu\u011funun s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 oldu\u011fu limited \u015firket) ve Sociedad An\u00f3nima (b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli \u015firketlerin yasal formu olan anonim \u015firket). Bunlar bizim anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131zdaki bildi\u011fimiz limited \u015firket ve anonim \u015firket yap\u0131lar\u0131d\u0131r. <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Bu makalede, do\u011fru se\u00e7imi yapabilmeniz i\u00e7in her iki formu, avantajlar\u0131n\u0131, dezavantajlar\u0131n\u0131 ve aralar\u0131ndaki temel farklar\u0131 ele alaca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Fark Nedir?<\/p>\n

Sociedad Limitada (Limited \u015eirket), her t\u00fcrl\u00fc ticari veya s\u0131nai faaliyeti y\u00fcr\u00fctebilen \u00f6zel bir \u015firkettir. Faaliyete ba\u015flamak i\u00e7in ilgili devlet kurumundan resmi onay (\u00f6n idari izin) al\u0131nmas\u0131 gereken finans sekt\u00f6r\u00fc bu durumun istisnas\u0131d\u0131r. <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Sociedad An\u00f3nima (Anonim \u015eirket), esas olarak b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli \u015firketler ve y\u00fcksek sermayeli i\u015fletmeler i\u00e7in tasarlanm\u0131\u015f kurumsal bir formdur.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Temel Farkl\u0131l\u0131klar<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Sorumluluk<\/p>\n

Sociedad Limitada durumunda, her bir orta\u011f\u0131n sorumlulu\u011fu yaln\u0131zca yat\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 sermaye (i\u015fe yat\u0131r\u0131lan miktar) ile s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131d\u0131r. Bu nedenle, riskleri azaltmak ve ki\u015fisel varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 korumak istiyorsan\u0131z, SL daha g\u00fcvenli bir se\u00e7imdir. <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Sociedad An\u00f3nima durumunda da ortaklar\u0131n sorumlulu\u011fu yat\u0131r\u0131lan miktar ile s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131d\u0131r; ancak finansal zorluklar ya\u015fanmas\u0131 halinde, ek y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr (belirli ko\u015fullar alt\u0131nda \u00f6denmemi\u015f bor\u00e7lar\u0131n kapat\u0131lmas\u0131 sorumlulu\u011fu gibi).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Hissedarlar<\/p>\n

Sociedad Limitada b\u00fcnyesinde maksimum ortak say\u0131s\u0131 50’dir (\u015firkette pay sahibi olan ki\u015filer).<\/p>\n

Sociedad An\u00f3nima b\u00fcnyesinde hissedar (\u015firket pay\u0131 sahibi) say\u0131s\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131zd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Sermaye<\/p>\n

Mevzuata g\u00f6re, \u015firketi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bir ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 sermayesi ile kurmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr; ancak sorumlulu\u011fun tam olarak s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in sermayenin 3.000 Euro’ya tamamlanmas\u0131 gerekir (Esas Sermaye \u2014 \u015firketin resmi olarak kay\u0131tl\u0131 finansal temeli).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Sociedad An\u00f3nima i\u00e7in minimum esas sermaye 60.000 Euro olup, tescil an\u0131nda bu tutar\u0131n en az %25’inin \u00f6denmi\u015f olmas\u0131 \u015fartt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Vergiler<\/p>\n

\u0130spanya’da Kurumlar Vergisi (\u015firket k\u00e2r\u0131 \u00fczerinden al\u0131nan vergi) %25’tir ve hem SL hem de SA i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erlidir. \u00d6zel oranlar %15 ile %30 aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fiklik g\u00f6sterebilir. <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Ayr\u0131ca, \u015firket faaliyetlerinin veya ofisinin \u0130spanya s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kay\u0131tl\u0131 oldu\u011fu belirli durumlarda %19 oran\u0131nda ek bir vergi de s\u00f6z konusu olabilmektedir.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Y\u00f6netim<\/p>\n

Sociedad Limitada, ortak (\u015firket hissedar\u0131) olan veya olmayan bir ya da birden fazla ki\u015fi taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netilir. Bu form, esnek y\u00f6netim yap\u0131s\u0131yla \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kar. <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Sociedad An\u00f3nima, hissedarlar taraf\u0131ndan se\u00e7ilen bir Y\u00f6netim Kurulu (stratejik kararlar alan y\u00f6netim organ\u0131) taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netilir.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Genel olarak, SL k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ve orta \u00f6l\u00e7ekli i\u015fletmeler i\u00e7in daha uygunken, SA b\u00fcy\u00fck sermaye \u00e7ekmeyi veya halka arz yapmay\u0131 planlayan b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015firketler i\u00e7in daha uygundur.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Kriz d\u00f6nemlerindeki deneyimler, anonim \u015firketlerin (SA) finansal \u015foklara kar\u015f\u0131 genellikle limited \u015firketlerden (SL) daha dayan\u0131kl\u0131 oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u015eirket t\u00fcr\u00fc se\u00e7imiyle ilgili hala sorular\u0131n\u0131z varsa, do\u011fru formu se\u00e7menize ve tescil s\u00fcrecini y\u00f6netmenize yard\u0131mc\u0131 olacak profesyonel dan\u0131\u015fmanlara ba\u015fvurman\u0131z tavsiye edilir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0130\u00e7indekiler   Fark Nedir? Temel Farkl\u0131l\u0131klar \u0130spanya’da i\u015f kurmak istiyorsan\u0131z, \u015firket tescilinden \u00f6nceki ana konulardan biri faaliyet formunun se\u00e7ilmesi olacakt\u0131r. \u0130spanya’da iki temel \u015firket t\u00fcr\u00fc bulunmaktad\u0131r: Sociedad Limitada (ortaklar\u0131n sorumlulu\u011funun s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 oldu\u011fu limited \u015firket) ve Sociedad An\u00f3nima (b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli \u015firketlerin yasal formu olan anonim \u015firket). Bunlar bizim anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131zdaki bildi\u011fimiz limited \u015firket ve anonim \u015firket yap\u0131lar\u0131d\u0131r. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4163,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[44],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4164","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kishmaria.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4164","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kishmaria.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kishmaria.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kishmaria.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kishmaria.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4164"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/kishmaria.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4164\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kishmaria.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4163"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kishmaria.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4164"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kishmaria.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4164"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kishmaria.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4164"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}